State of Texas Archives: on Abortion
Chad Prather:
I vow to protect the sanctity of life in all my decisions
As Governor, I vow to protect the sanctity of life in all my decisions. In America we recognize certain unalienable rights, and each begins with the right to life.
As a country and especially as Texans, we should pause and recognize the sanctity of life. If you would like to see a culture of life flourish in Texas, join me in my run for Governor.
Source: 2021 Texas Gubernatorial campaign website Prather2022.com
Jun 1, 2021
Don Huffines:
I will protect innocent life regardless of Supreme Court
Texas values are under attack. As governor I will.- Protect innocent life regardless of what the Supreme Court says is allowed
- End the sexualization of children being done by radicals who promote gender reassignments for minors
- Ban critical
race theory and other Marxist ideologies from infiltrating our classrooms at all levels of public education
- Punish woke corporations that "cancel" conservatives for our convictions by ending crony taxpayer-funded subsidies and carve-outs
Source: 2021 Texas Gubernatorial campaign website DonHuffines.com
May 30, 2021
Greg Abbott:
Ensure every child is spared from ravages of abortion
Estimates show more than 40 million babies lost their lives to abortion in 2020. That's shocking. It's horrifying. It must end. I have signed eleven laws that protect innocent lives, but more must be done. This session, we need a law that ensures
that the life of every child will be spared from the ravages of abortion. We should also make explicit what should be obvious: no unborn child should be targeted for abortion on the basis on race, sex, or disability.
Source: 2021 State of the State Address to the Texas legislature
Feb 2, 2021
MJ Hegar:
NARAL endorsement: proud to fight for reproductive rights
NARAL Pro-Choice America today announced its endorsement of MJ Hegar. Said Hegar, "I'm proud to fight alongside NARAL to protect reproductive rights and ensure no politician interferes with medical decisions that belong between
Texas women and their doctors. It's time we put an end to systematic attacks on women's health and bring more ass-kicking women to the decision-making table in Texas."
Source: NARAL 2020 Texas Senate endorsements
May 7, 2020
Greg Abbott:
Abortions unnecessary except for woman's life or health
Attorney General Ken Paxton said that all clinics in the state must stop providing abortions unless a woman's life or health are in danger. He said abortion providers were included under Abbott's emergency order that banned medically unnecessary
surgeries to conserve medical supplies. Abortion rights advocates called the ban bad policy and accused Paxton and Abbott of using the crisis to issue a de facto ban on a procedure strongly opposed by the two Republican leaders.
Source: USA Today on 2022 Texas gubernatorial race
Mar 25, 2020
MJ Hegar:
Politicians shouldn't legislate a woman's intimate decisions
I support federal law codifying Roe v. Wade so that reproductive rights are not subject to the whims of an increasingly partisan court system. It's unacceptable that in 2019 a woman's right to make medical decisions about her own body is under assault.
I have had two difficult pregnancies, and I am grateful that during that time the government wasn't standing between me and my doctor during very personal discussions. Politicians should not legislate a woman's most intimate decisions.
Source: 2020 Texas Senate campaign website MJforTexas.com
Jan 20, 2020
Sema Hernandez:
Support Supreme Court nominees who will uphold Roe v. Wade
I support the right of women to have autonomy over their own bodies and make choices in regards to their pregnancy that are suitable to their situation and needs. I support the pay equity, expanding the Violence Against Women Act,
Family Violence Prevention and Services Act, expand and protect reproductive rights, and support Supreme Court Justice nominees who will uphold Roe v. Wade.
Source: 2020 Texas Senate campaign website, Sema4Texas.com
Jan 12, 2020
Cristina Tzintzun Ramirez:
Women, not politicians, should decide reproductive rights
We should leave it to women and not politicians to decide when they are ready to make a family. A woman's right to choose what is best for her body, her family, and her health is a guaranteed right under the U.S. Constitution and
Roe v. Wade- one that Cristina will work to protect. She will ensure that access to contraception and safe abortion are guaranteed in any health plan that she supports.
Source: 2020 Texas Senate campaign website CristinaForTexas.com
Dec 19, 2019
Royce West:
A woman has the right to make decisions about her body
A woman has the right to make decisions about her body -- it is that simple. Any issue involving a woman's healthcare is between her and her doctor, and that's where we need to leave it. I am dedicated to continuing this fight in Washington, where
Roe vs. Wade is under attack, and the continued appointment of anti-choice Supreme Court Justices could result in a catastrophic blow to women's reproductive freedom.
Source: 2020 Texas Senate campaign website RoyceWest.com
Dec 19, 2019
Royce West:
Pro-choice, but voted for parental consent
West said he supports abortion rights and has the record to show it. But he's previously upset advocacy groups when he voted to support bills that require parental consent for minors seeking
abortions. "I've always sided with being pro-choice, but on that particular legislation, my personal belief is that the parents should be involved in those decisions," he said.
Source: The Dallas Morning News on 2020 Texas Senate race
Jul 28, 2019
Beto O`Rourke:
Trust women to make their own decisions
Q: Abortion: Mostly ban or mostly legal?Ted Cruz (R): Ban. No exceptions for rape or incest. "Horrible as that crime is, I don't believe it's the child's fault."
Beto O'Rourke (D): Legal. Ensure abortions are rare, but trust women to make their
own decisions without government interference.
Q: Employers can withhold contraceptive coverage if disagree?
Ted Cruz (R): Yes. Proposed bill to allow that.
Beto O'Rourke (D): No. Discriminates by ignoring contraception's role in women's health.
Q: Let Planned Parenthood get public funds for non-abortion care?
Ted Cruz (R): No.
Was willing to risk a government shutdown in in order to defund.
Beto O'Rourke (D): Yes. Provide important preventive services, esp. for low-income families.
Source: 2018 CampusElect.org Issue Guide on Texas Senate race
Oct 9, 2018
Ted Cruz:
No exceptions for rape or incest; de-fund Planned Parenthood
Q: Abortion: Mostly ban or mostly legal?Ted Cruz (R): Ban. No exceptions for rape or incest. "Horrible as that crime is, I don't believe it's the child's fault."
Beto O'Rourke (D): Legal. Ensure abortions are rare, but trust women to make their
own decisions without government interference.
Q: Employers can withhold contraceptive coverage if disagree?
Ted Cruz (R): Yes. Proposed bill to allow that.
Beto O'Rourke (D): No. Discriminates by ignoring contraception's role in women's health.
Q: Let Planned Parenthood get public funds for non-abortion care?
Ted Cruz (R): No.
Was willing to risk a government shutdown in in order to defund.
Beto O'Rourke (D): Yes. Provide important preventive services, esp. for low-income families.
Source: 2018 CampusElect.org Issue Guide on Texas Senate race
Oct 9, 2018
Lupe Valdez:
Endorsed by Planned Parenthood
Valdez earned endorsements from the Victory Fund--a PAC devoted to electing pro-choice LGBTQ candidates--and Planned Parenthood Texas. [Opponent Andrew] White's position on women's health care in a state famous for its escalating attacks on
abortion rights may have pushed voters and more progressive organizations Valdez's way. He identifies as "pro-life," but said he would veto any anti-choice bills, calling abortion "a choice that my wife and I wouldn't take away from somebody else."
In a debate this month, Valdez strove to draw a distinction between her position on abortion rights and his. By saying that he and his wife "respect life,"
White suggests that he believes women who seek abortion care do not, Valdez said. "You owe an apology to these women," she continued.
Source: Slate.com on 2018 Texas Gubernatorial race
May 23, 2018
Andrew White:
Firm proponent of women's right to make her own decisions
Roe v Wade is the established law of the land, and has been for decades, and I respect the law. I'll work to expand women's access to healthcare services, which means working on policies to: Increase education and access to contraceptives.
Increase access to pre-natal care. Reduce death due to complications during pregnancy and delivery. Reduce infant mortality. Do I respect the rights of the mother?˙You bet I do. Do I respect that a woman's body is private?˙Absolutely.
Source: 2018 Texas Gubernatorial campaign website AndrewWhite.com
Feb 22, 2018
Greg Abbott:
Protect unborn children and promote a culture of life
Protecting Texans means protecting the most vulnerable--the unborn. I welcome any legislation that protects unborn children and promotes a culture of life in Texas.I thank the bishops of Texas for showing respect for the unborn by offering to bury
fetal remains at no cost. It demonstrates the dignity and reverence that every child's life deserves. That is why I support legislation to codify this dignity for every child in the future.
Every child--born and unborn--deserves dignity.
The butchering of unborn babies for trade in the open market is barbaric. I want legislation on my desk that criminalizes the sale or donation of baby body parts.
We must also do more to help the children that mothers bring into this world.
That's why I'm committed to advancing adoption services and developing programs to support mothers who embrace the blessing of a child's life.
Source: 2017 State of the State address to Texas Legislature
Jan 31, 2017
Jodey Arrington:
All human life is a gift from God and begins at conception
Q: Under what circumstances should abortion be allowed?Arrington: Only to save the life of the mother.
I believe all human life is a gift from God and begins at conception and lasts until natural death. At all stages, our laws should be directed at protecting life.
Source: 2016 AFA Action iVoterGuide on Texas House race
Nov 8, 2016
Jodey Arrington:
Unborn children have the constitutional right to life
Protect and Defend Our Conservative Values: I Believe Life is a Gift from God, Begins at Conception
-- and that unborn children have the constitutional right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. There is no more important issue than defending the sanctity of life.
Source: 2016 Texas House campaign website JodeyArrington.com
Nov 8, 2016
Vicente Gonzalez:
Increase funding for family planning services
I will fight for the women in our families because when we stand-up for and take care of the women in our families, the whole family is stronger. -
Support paid family and maternity leave.
- Increase funding for critical health care and family planning services for women.
- Support passage of a living wage.
Source: 2016 Texas House campaign website VicenteGonzalez.com
Nov 8, 2016
Sylvia Garcia:
Women capable of making own decision with doctor's advice
When I spoke with her earlier this year, Garcia told me that while her Roman Catholic faith shapes and focuses her politics, religious belief "can't be something we impose on others." "While not everyone agrees when a fetus becomes a person,"
Garcia explained, "we can all agree that a woman who is pregnant is a person. I believe that each woman is capable of making her own decision with her doctor's advice, her family's support and the faith in her heart."
Source: Texas Observer on 2018 Congress TX-29 election
Nov 1, 2016
Donald Trump:
Millions are helped by Planned Parenthood, but defund it
Sen. Marco RUBIO [to Trump]: Very recently, [Trump] was still defending Planned Parenthood. TRUMP: As far as Planned Parenthood is concerned, I'm pro-life.
I'm totally against abortion, having to do with Planned Parenthood. But millions and millions of women -- cervical cancer, breast cancer -- are helped by Planned Parenthood.
So you can say whatever you want, but they have millions of women going through Planned Parenthood that are helped greatly. And I wouldn't fund it. I would defund it because of the abortion factor, which they say is 3 percent.
I don't know what percentage it is. They say it's 3%. But I would defund it, because I'm pro-life. But millions of women are helped by Planned Parenthood.
Source: 2016 CNN-Telemundo Republican debate on eve of Texas primary
Feb 25, 2016
Greg Abbott:
Favors restrictions of judicial bypass for minor's abortion
House Bill 3994 amends the statutory provisions governing judicial bypass, the process by which a judge may grant a pregnant minor who wishes to have an abortion an exemption from requirements that a parent be notified and consent to the procedure.
The bill's language says that, "A physician shall presume that a pregnant woman is a minor unless the woman presents a valid government record of identification showing that she has reached the age of maturity," essentially creating the same
ID requirements that Texas's controversial voter ID law holds for those seeking abortions. That's a significant issue for undocumented Texans seeking abortions.
Legislative outcome:
Passed Senate 21-10-0 on May/26/15; passed House 102-43-2 on May/29/15; signed by Governor Greg Abbott Jun/19/15.
Source: Texas Monthly on Texas legislative voting records: HB3994
Jun 19, 2015
Don Huffines:
Favors restrictions of judicial bypass for minor's abortion
House Bill 3994 amends the statutory provisions governing judicial bypass, the process by which a judge may grant a pregnant minor who wishes to have an abortion an exemption from requirements that a parent be notified and consent to the procedure.
The bill's language says that, "A physician shall presume that a pregnant woman is a minor unless the woman presents a valid government record of identification showing that she has reached the age of maturity," essentially creating the same
ID requirements that Texas's controversial voter ID law holds for those seeking abortions. That's a significant issue for undocumented Texans seeking abortions.
Legislative outcome:˙
Passed Senate 21-10-0 on May/26/15; State Sen. Huffines voted YES; passed House 102-43-2 on May/29/15; signed by Governor Greg Abbott Jun/19/15.
Source: Texas Monthly on Texas legislative voting records: HB3994
May 26, 2015
Royce West:
Opposes restrictions of judicial bypass for minor's abortion
House Bill 3994 amends the statutory provisions governing judicial bypass, the process by which a judge may grant a pregnant minor who wishes to have an abortion an exemption from requirements that a parent be notified and consent to the procedure.
The bill's language says that, "A physician shall presume that a pregnant woman is a minor unless the woman presents a valid government record of identification showing that she has reached the age of maturity," essentially creating the same
ID requirements that Texas's controversial voter ID law holds for those seeking abortions. That's a significant issue for undocumented Texans seeking abortions.
Legislative outcome:
Passed Senate 21-10-0 on May/26/15; Sen. West voted NO; passed House 102-43-2 on May/29/15; signed by Governor Greg Abbott Jun/19/15.
Source: Texas Monthly on Texas legislative voting records: HB3994
May 26, 2015
Sylvia Garcia:
Opposes restrictions of judicial bypass for minor's abortion
House Bill 3994 amends the statutory provisions governing judicial bypass, the process by which a judge may grant a pregnant minor who wishes to have an abortion an exemption from requirements that a parent be notified and consent to the procedure.
The bill's language says that, "A physician shall presume that a pregnant woman is a minor unless the woman presents a valid government record of identification showing that she has reached the age of maturity," essentially creating the same
ID requirements that Texas's controversial voter ID law holds for those seeking abortions. That's a significant issue for undocumented Texans seeking abortions.
Legislative outcome:
Passed Senate 21-10-0 on May/26/15; Sen. Garcia voted NO; passed House 102-43-2 on May/29/15; signed by Governor Greg Abbott Jun/19/15.
Source: Texas Monthly on Texas legislative voting records: HB3994
May 26, 2015
Van Taylor:
Favors restrictions of judicial bypass for minor's abortion
House Bill 3994 amends the statutory provisions governing judicial bypass, the process by which a judge may grant a pregnant minor who wishes to have an abortion an exemption from requirements that a parent be notified and consent to the procedure.
The bill's language says that, "A physician shall presume that a pregnant woman is a minor unless the woman presents a valid government record of identification showing that she has reached the age of maturity," essentially creating the same
ID requirements that Texas's controversial voter ID law holds for those seeking abortions. That's a significant issue for undocumented Texans seeking abortions.
Legislative outcome:
Passed Senate 21-10-0 on May/26/15; Sen. Taylor voted YES; passed House 102-43-2 on May/29/15; signed by Governor Greg Abbott Jun/19/15.
Source: Texas Monthly on Texas legislative voting records: HB3994
May 26, 2015
Emily Sanchez:
Supports abortion as a woman's right
Q: Do you support or oppose abortion as a woman's right?
A: Support.
Source: E-mail interview on Texas 2014 Senate race with OnTheIssues
Sep 19, 2014
Brian Babin:
Steadfast defender of the unborn
Pro-Life:
I am a steadfast defender of the sanctity of life and the unborn.
Source: 2014 Texas 36th House campaign website BabinForCongress.com
Aug 31, 2014
David Alameel:
Always fight to protect Roe v. Wade
David Alameel believes in a woman's right to choose and that politicians or the government should not interfere in these deeply personal decisions that should be made by a woman, with her family, her doctor and her God.
That is why Dr. Alameel will always fight to protect Roe v. Wade, which the Supreme Court set as the law of the land decades ago, from Washington politicians who are seeking to undermine the basic rights and freedoms of millions of Texas women.
Source: 2014 Texas Senate campaign website
May 15, 2014
John Cornyn:
Endorsed by Texas Right to Life
Shortly after Stockman's 11th-hour announcement, Cornyn's campaign issued a statement saying, "Endorsed by Texas Right to Life and ranked as the second most conservative senator in America, Senator Cornyn looks forward to discussing his conservative
record with Texans."Abortion isn't an issue on which the two men differ, though when Cornyn was running the National Republican Senatorial Committee, he withdrew support for Todd "legitimate rape" Akin.
(He did, however, stand by failed Indiana Republican Senate candidate Richard Mourdock, who made his own inflammatory comments on rape.)
Texas remains ground zero for the struggle over abortion rights. Much of the omnibus
abortion bill filibustered by Democratic state Sen. Wendy Davis last June has become law, though it will be heard by the Fifth Circuit in January. Davis is now running for governor in the same election cycle as Stockman and Cornyn.
Source: MSNBC AdWatch, "Twitter posts", on 2014 Texas Senate race
Dec 10, 2013
Steve Stockman:
AdWatch: If babies had guns, they wouldn't be aborted
Stockman's famously incendiary tweets are enjoying increased scrutiny. Here's a sampling:- April 11: A tweet announced a new bumper sticker Stockman was offering donors: "If babies had guns, they wouldn't be aborted." And a day later: "Get the
bumper sticker that liberals hate! One sticker for every $10."
- April 12: His opinions on ObamaCare and reproductive health: "Will abortion be the only medical procedure not wait-listed and rationed under ObamaCare?" Actually, it's worth noting that
ObamaCare does not expand abortion access, and in some places has actually indirectly reduced it.
- July 8: The time he was dismissive of women who want control of their reproductive decisions: "Pro-abortionists scream 'uterus' because they're desperate
to eliminate the innocent living human being from the discussion."
- July 8: His claim about liberals: "Conservatives see kids in poverty and want to find the family jobs. Liberals see kids in poverty and say they should have been aborted."
Source: MSNBC AdWatch, "Twitter posts", on 2014 Texas Senate race
Dec 10, 2013
David Dewhurst:
Pushed the sonogram bill with pro-life advocates
Cruz painted Dewhurst as an establishment, "timid career politician." Candidates questioned his conservative credentials.[Dewhurst's campaign manager] defended Dewhurst, saying he led a conservative, pro-life, pro-business, low tax, low regulation
agenda during his tenure. He cited tort reform, the sonogram bill, which pro-life advocates pushed and $15 billion in spending cuts during the last session, as conservative leadership credentials the others can only try to disparage.
Source: Tyler Paper on 2012 Texas Senate debate
May 17, 2012
David Dewhurst:
Proud of defunding Planned Parenthood
I'm proud of the fact that we defunded Planned Parenthood, but we have found the money to fund the 130,000 women that were covered under Planned Parenthood, Dewhurst said.
Many candidate comments centered on how they'd work in Washington. "I'm always willing to work with anyone, as long as they're willing to work with me and I don't compromise my conservative principles," Dewhurst said.
Source: Austin YNN on 2012 Texas Senate debate
May 4, 2012
Tom Leppert:
Companies can deny insuring birth control
Birth control: All the candidates agreed that companies should have the ability to deny women birth control coverage at their discretion.
Source: BurntOrangeReport.com on 2012 Texas Senate Debate
Apr 17, 2012
Ted Cruz:
Companies can deny insuring birth control
Birth control: All the candidates agreed that companies should have the ability to deny women birth control coverage at their discretion.
Source: BurntOrangeReport.com on 2012 Texas Senate Debate
Apr 16, 2012
David Dewhurst:
Require women seeking abortions to view a sonogram
David has worked in passing legislation that protects the unborn.Proven Record- David passed a sonogram bill requiring women seeking abortions to view a sonogram and a 24-hour waiting period before a woman can receive an abortion
- David passed
parental consent laws
- David passed the Woman's Right to Know Law, providing women vital medical information in hopes of turning women away from seeking abortion
- David passed a ban on state tax dollars being used to fund abortion facilities
Source: 2012 Senate Campaign website, dewhurstfortexas.com, "Issues"
Mar 29, 2012
Elizabeth Ames Jones:
I am pro-life; I will support pro-life legislation
Ronald Reagan wrote in his landmark article, Abortion and the Conscience of the Nation, "[w]e cannot diminish the value of one category of human life--the unborn--without diminishing the value of all human life."
I am pro-life. I supported pro-life legislation while serving in the Texas House, and I will support pro-life legislation in the U.S. Senate.
Source: 2012 Senate campaign website, www.jonesfortexas.com
Jul 17, 2011
Elizabeth Ames Jones:
Supports umbilical cord blood stem cells
As a Texas State Representative, I authored the bill that created the Texas Cord Blood Bank, and I have worked steadfastly since 2001 to see that worthwhile initiative through.
Thanks to the life-saving benefits of umbilical cord blood stem cells, donated after a healthy delivery of a baby, lives are being saved.
Source: 2012 Senate campaign website, www.jonesfortexas.com
Jul 17, 2011
Rick Perry:
Protect the unborn via sonogram requirement
Most Texans, regardless of party, believe the integrity of elections would be improved, by requiring participants to show a valid photo identification before voting. We also need to protect property ownership with tougher eminent domain laws.
We need to protect the unborn by fast-tracking the sonogram bill, so that women are fully, medically informed before they make the life-changing decision to terminate a pregnancy.
Source: 2011 Texas State of the State Address
Feb 8, 2011
Randy Weber:
Require parental notification and parental consent
Q: Should abortion be legal only within the first trimester of pregnancy?A: No.
Q: Should abortion be legal when the pregnancy resulted from incest or rape?
A: No.
Q: Should abortion be legal when the life of the woman is endangered?
A: Yes.
A: Yes.
Q: Do you support requiring parental notification before an abortion is performed on a minor?
A: Yes.
Q: Do you support requiring parental consent before an abortion is performed on a minor?
A: Yes.
Q: Do you support sexual education programs that include information on abstinence, contraceptives, and HIV/STD prevention methods?
A: No.
Q: Do you support abstinence-only sexual education programs?
A: Yes.
Source: Texas Congressional 2010 Political Courage Test
Nov 1, 2010
Randy Weber:
No embryonic stem cell research
Q: Do you support state funding for stem cell research?A: Adult - yes, embryonic - no.
Q: Do you support state funding for embryonic stem cell research?
A: No.
Source: Texas Congressional 2010 Political Courage Test
Nov 1, 2010
Jon Roland:
Let states regulate abortion, not feds
Roland holds the following principles regarding Abortion Issues: “States (not
Federal) legislation may require that pregnancies be terminated in ways that leave fetus alive, but not if it unduly burdens right of woman to terminate.”
Source: Texas Congressional Election 2008 Political Courage Test
May 2, 2008
Jon Roland:
Federal funding for embryonic stem cell research
Q: Do you support federal funding for research on existing embryonic stem cell lines? A: Yes.
Q: Do you support federal funding to create lines of stem cells from new embryos?
A: Yes.
Source: Texas Congressional Election 2008 Political Courage Test
May 2, 2008
Rick Noriega:
No limits on Roe vs. Wade
Q: Do you favor limits on Roe vs. Wade?A: No. I fundamentally believe that a woman’s right to choose is an issue that should remain as her personal decision. No judge, legislature or law should interfere in this deeply personal decision.
My record in the Texas Legislature has earned me a 100% voting record with NARAL Pro-Choice Texas and Planned Parenthood. In our country the rule of law must apply, and Roe v. Wade is the law of the land.
Source: Democracy for Texas Questionnaire Response
Mar 1, 2008
Rick Noriega:
I stand with science; fund embryonic stem cell research
Q: Do you support federal funding for embryonic stem cell research?A: Yes. I stand with science and our leading researchers and support funding governmental research institutions and
grant programs to move us towards treatments and cures of the wide range of debilitating and fatal diseases.
Source: Democracy for Texas Questionnaire Response
Mar 1, 2008
Alan Keyes:
Do everything to overthrow Roe vs. Wade to acknowledge God
I will do everything in my power to overthrow Roe vs. Wade and get us back where we belong in the acknowledgment of God. But I have made a conscious resolve, in the face of the great opportunity God has given us, starting with the integrity and courage
of Roy Moore in Alabama. If we are killing our babies today, it is not just because of our lust, and not just because of our indifference, and our desire to achieve our agendas at every cost and indulge our own satisfaction and give in to our own fears.
Source: Ten Commandments rally in Lufkin, Texas
Oct 1, 2003
Paul Sadler:
No funding; no second trimester; no partial-birth
Sadler supports the following principles concerning abortion. - Abortions should be legal only within the first trimester.
- Abortions should be legal only when pregnancy resulted from incest, rape, or when the life of the woman is endangered.
-
Abortions should be limited by waiting periods and parental notification requirements.
- Prohibit partial-birth abortion.
Q: Should Texas government funding be provided to clinics and medical facilities that provide abortion services?A: No.
Source: Texas State 1998 National Political Awareness Test
Nov 1, 1998
Page last updated: Oct 14, 2021