Decision Points, by Pres. George W. Bush: on Education

Ann Richards: 1993: Robin Hood redistribution from rich districts to poor

Karl and I didn't think she had actually accomplished much. Karl told me his analysis showed that many Texans--even some Democrats--would be open to a candidate with a serious program to improve the state. That was exactly what I had in mind.

In a spring 1993 special election, Richards placed a school funding measure on the ballot. Derisively dubbed "Robin Hood," her plan redistributed money from rich districts to poor ones. The voters defeated it by a healthy margin. In an interview, Richards was frustrated by the defeat of the school funding measure and said sarcastically, "We are all, boy, eagerly awaiting any suggestions and ideas that are realistic." I turned to Laura and said, "I have a suggestion. I might run for governor." She looked at me like I was crazy. "Are you joking?" she asked. I told her I was serious. I had the political bug again, and we both knew it.

George W. Bush: NCLB: focus on accountability instead of spending

Under No Child Left Behind, states would test students in reading and math. Schools would post scores publicly, broken down by ethnicity, income level, and other subcategories. The data would allow parents and concerned citizens to evaluate schools, teachers, and curricula. Schools that scored below standards would receive extra help at first. But if schools repeatedly failed to make adequate progress, there would be consequences. Parents would have the option to transfer their child to a better-performing public or charter school. The principle was straightforward: You cannot solve a problem until you diagnose it. Accountability would serve as a catalyst for reform.

Ted Kennedy: Worked with George W. Bush on No Child Left Behind

"Like you, I have every intention of getting things done, particularly in education and health care. We will have a difference or two along the way, but I look forward to some important Rose Garden signings.
Warm regards, Ted Kennedy"

I was excited. No Child Left Behind stood a much better chance of becoming law with support from the Lion of the Senate. It was the beginning of my most unlikely partnership in Washington.

Over the years, No Child Left Behind prompted plenty of controversy. We modified bureaucratic restrictions and increased flexibility for states. But we would not dilute the accountability measures. The purpose of the law was to reveal the truth, even when it was unpleasant.